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Table 1 Therapeutic drug monitoring in the prediction of rheumatoid arthritis treatment

From: Tailored therapeutic decision of rheumatoid arthritis using proteomic strategies: how to start and when to stop?

bDMARDs

TNFi

IL-6 receptor inhibitors

CTLA4–Ig

Anti-CD20

Adalimumab

Infliximab

Etanercept

Tocilizumab

Sarilumab

Abatacept

Rituximab

Association between the drug levels and the prediction of clinical results

 Clinical responses

â–² [89, 90]

â–² [88, 92, 93]

â–² [94]

â–² [91, 95]

   

 Successful dose reduction

ʘ [96,97,98]

ʘ [99]

ʘ [97, 98]

ʘ [97]

   

Association between the positivity of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) and the prediction of clinical results

 Drug levels

â–¼ [105, 106]

â–¼ [102, 103, 106, 108,109,110,111,112]

ADAs are mostly undetectable in etanercept

â–¼ [107, 113]

â–¼ [107, 113]

  

 Clinical responses

â–¼ [89, 90, 102, 103, 105, 108, 109, 114,115,116]

â–¼ [92, 102, 103, 115]

ʘ [118, 119]

ʘ [107, 113, 118, 120]

ʘ [102]

ʘ [102, 121]

 Successful drug switching

â–² [124]

ʘ [125]

â–² [124]

â–¼ [149]

    
  1. â–² Suggests that patients with higher drug levels or positive ADAs are more likely to experience clinical improvements in corresponding scenarios, while â–¼ indicates otherwise
  2. ʘ Represents that drug levels or ADAs may not be useful for therapeutic decisions in corresponding scenarios
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Clinical Proteomics

ISSN: 1559-0275