Table 2 Demographic and clinical profiles of subjects tested with lung cancer biomarker candidates
| Â | Serum verification/model training | Model testing | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases |
(N = 189) | (N = 94) | (N = 50) | (N = 50) | |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 109 | 33 | 28 | 28 |
 Female | 80 | 61 | 22 | 22 |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Mean (SD) | 62.1 (11.8) | 66.6 (9.6) | 63.0 (6.4) | 65.6 (6.7) |
Smoking Pack Years | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Mean (SD) | 37.6 (21.7) | 43.9 (20.6) | 54.3 (22.4) | 54.2 (22.2) |
Benign Nodules (n) | Â | Â | 22 | Â |
Lesion Size (cm) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Mean (range) | Â | Â | 0.5 (0.2-1.2) | 3.3 (0.8-12) |
Stage | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 I (%) |  | 94 (100) |  | 18 (36) |
 II (%) |  |  |  | 6 (12) |
 III (%) |  |  |  | 16 (32) |
 IV (%) |  |  |  | 5 (10) |
 NA (%) |  |  |  | 5 (10) |
Histology | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Adenocarcinoma (%) |  | 63 (67.0) |  | 23 (46) |
 BAC (%) |  | 4 (4.3) |  |  |
 Large Cell (%) |  | 6 (6.4) |  |  |
 NSCLC (%) |  | 4 (4.3) |  | 6 (12) |
 Neuroendocrine (%) |  | 2 (2.1) |  |  |
 Small Cell (%) |  |  |  | 4 (8) |
 Squamous Cell (%) |  | 15 (16.0) |  | 17 (34) |